classic hollywood cinema
Classic Hollywood cinema is the time period of the film industry that began with the release of the movie “Birth of a Nation.” It incorporates both the Silent Era and the Movie Studio Era. Unique to classical cinema, the mode of production during this period encouraged film directors to view their work from the perspective of a studio employee rather than as auteurs exercising creative control over their works with an individual cinematic style. . The time period of classic cinema ended in the 1960s when the film industry ushered in a new post-classical film style of auteurist film directors with the release of “Bonnie and Clyde” (1967), as well as other landmark films from that decade.
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The Silent Era is commonly known as the “Silver Screen Era” from 1917 to 1928. During this time period, there was no synchronized sound or voice to accompany the images of the character being projected on the movie screen. To accommodate the lack of sound, on-screen subtitles were used to emphasize important points and dialogue in the story. Often, the projection of silent films on the big screen was accompanied by live instrumental music (pianist, organist or even a large orchestra). The standard stylistic elements fundamental to classic Hollywood silent films were implemented through the Silent Era Director Unit System. This system of filmmaking included a fully integrated workforce with a set of employees who had precise areas of responsibility under the leadership of the filmmaker.
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The Studio Era was a period in film history that began after the end of the Silent Era (1927/1928) with the release of “Jazz Singer”, the first feature film to contain spoken sequences. The advent of the studio era also ushered in the “Golden Age of Hollywood.” Irving Thalberg’s contribution was significant in the development of the Hollywood Central Producer System during the studio era while he was head of production at Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM). In fact, the successful transition of the classic Hollywood film production style from the Silent Era Director’s Unit System to the Studio Era Core Production System at MGM was accomplished under Thalberg’s leadership. His ability to produce a quality film with aesthetic value was demonstrated through his balanced view of budget controls, script and story development, and use of the “star system” in the hit film “Grand Hotel “.
Intrinsic to the studio system, the marketing strategies for movies used by the major Hollywood movie studios were pretty straightforward and straightforward because the studios made most of their money from ticket sales at theater box offices around the world. USA. At the time, there were five major studios that owned a production studio, a distribution arm, acting contracts and technical support staff, as well as a chain of theaters. These studios were known as the “Big Five” and included Warner Brothers, Paramount Pictures, Twentieth Century-Fox, Radio-Keith-Orpheum (RKO), and Loew’s, Inc. (owner of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer/MGM). Its income came from money paid by theaters for studio movie rentals. Since the “Big Five” studios controlled almost all the theaters in the United States, they received most of their money from ticket sales at the box office.
To further expand their power over movie theaters across the United States, these studios also took steps to control nearly all of the smaller independent theaters. Through the “block booking” contracting process, theater owners were required to show a block of films (usually in blocks of ten) in their theater. If independently owned theaters did not agree to buy a block of films from a studio, they did not receive any films from the studio. Therefore, during the studio era, the Hollywood movie industry was tightly controlled by powerful studio moguls. However, in 1948, a federal court case prohibited block booking. The United States Supreme Court ruled that the vertical integration of the majors violated federal antitrust laws and ordered the “Big Five” companies to divest their theaters for a period of five years. This decision basically ended the studio system era in 1954.