One of the most common signs of multiple sclerosis is spasticity, which is most often described as uncontrollable muscle spasms or contractions that do not work in sync with the other muscles in a limb. This particular problem can also manifest as muscles that are stiff and resist latent muscle movement. It can also cause the MS patient to feel some pain in the joints and although this symptom can manifest in any of the patient’s extremities, it mainly occurs in the legs.
What causes the spasticity of multiple sclerosis?
Because multiple sclerosis damages the myelin sheath that surrounds both the brain and spinal cord, it has a direct effect on the transfer of information from nerves to the brain and vice versa. In some cases these signals move too slowly to be effective, in others the signals are scrambled as they travel.
Fine motor skills are something we develop as we grow from a baby to an adult and this requires the brain to be able to communicate seamlessly with every muscle in our body. With the spasticity of multiple sclerosis, the brain can no longer communicate accurately and smoothly with certain muscles, and the resulting mixed messages cause the muscles to spasm or, conversely, lock up and become uncontrollable.
These episodes can occur without external stimulation, or they can also be caused by something as simple as being too tired or wearing too-tight clothing. Depending on the amount of damage and the location of the MS lesions, this multiple sclerosis spasticity can also become a permanent part of a patient’s life.
Are there treatments for spasticity?
The most important thing to remember is that if you don’t seek treatment for this MS spasticity, you could end up with much more serious problems, such as permanently frozen joints that won’t move, leaving you disabled. Fortunately, there are several well-known and successful treatments that can help relieve spasms and tense muscles that can be very painful.
You should start by talking to a physiotherapist who works with other MS patients, so they already have an idea of what your needs are. Because every patient is different, you should start by assessing the severity of her spasticity. This is the only way you can make a recommendation on the type of physical therapy you will need along with the medications you should use.
You will also prepare an exercise regimen that is designed to keep your muscles as strong and under control as possible. At the same time, the best thing you can do for your multiple sclerosis spasticity is to start a daily regimen of stretching and exercises to help alleviate the spasticity and keep it under control. While there is no cure for spasticity, you can at least learn how to minimize it so you can enjoy your life.